Publications

Until recently, oil spill risk management systems relied heavily on approaches such as the NEBA (Net Environmental Benefit Analysis) tool, which primarily focused on economic feasibility when assessing the overall environmental impact. This methodology helped streamline risk assessment, reduce the cost of environmental services, and improve the efficiency of oil

The current sustainability landscape in the Gulf countries invites a fresh perspective on the role of environmental services. For a long time, sustainability has been viewed mainly through the lens of climatology and emission assessments—using more or less sophisticated methodologies. This inertia is not accidental; it reflects the long-standing political

Oil contamination remains one of the most complex and pressing environmental challenges. Unlike conventional pollutants, petroleum hydrocarbons cannot be fully assessed using classical ecological tools or analytical methods designed for refined products. Once released into the environment, crude oil undergoes weathering and interacts with mineral substrates, organic matter, and diverse

From “Free Desert Storage” to a Regulated Cost Center For decades, hydrocarbon-contaminated soils in the Middle East were often stockpiled or stored with minimal treatment, largely due to abundant land and weak regulatory pressure. That paradigm no longer exists. Across the region, the cost of storing and disposing hazardous oil-contaminated

As tensions continue to escalate across the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman region, the question of environmental risk management is once again becoming highly relevant in one of the world’s most vulnerable marine ecosystems. When discussing the potential consequences of damage to oil infrastructure, it is useful to look